Document and Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - shares	Jun. 30, 2017	Aug. 10, 2017
Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2017
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2017
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Trading Symbol	BIOC
Entity Registrant Name	BIOCEPT INC
Entity Central Index Key	0001044378
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Smaller Reporting Company
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		30,253,743

Condensed Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Current assets:
Cash	$ 10,000,155	$ 4,609,332
Accounts receivable, net	994,746	128,969
Inventories, net	631,210	549,045
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	624,827	484,649
Total current assets	12,250,938	5,771,995
Fixed assets, net	2,402,255	1,806,331
Total assets	14,653,193	7,578,326
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	1,777,409	960,486
Accrued liabilities	1,387,767	1,160,036
Supplier financings	240,913	75,691
Current portion of equipment financings	362,777	262,674
Current portion of credit facility, net	1,980,550	1,934,665
Total current liabilities	5,749,416	4,393,552
Non-current portion of equipment financings	794,320	778,643
Non-current portion of credit facility, net	135,848	1,123,001
Non-current portion of interest payable	298,093	227,177
Non-current portion of deferred rent	333,259	397,292
Total liabilities	7,310,936	6,919,665
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 11)
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 5,000,000 authorized; no shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2016 and June 30, 2017.
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 150,000,000 authorized; 17,499,397 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2016; 28,697,078 issued and outstanding at June 30, 2017.	2,870	1,750
Additional paid-in capital	191,101,115	174,292,781
Accumulated deficit	(183,761,728)	(173,635,870)
Total shareholders’ equity	7,342,257	658,661
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$ 14,653,193	$ 7,578,326

Condensed Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement Of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par value	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized	150,000,000	150,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	28,697,078	17,499,397
Common stock, shares outstanding	28,697,078	17,499,397

Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2016	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2016
Income Statement [Abstract]
Net revenues	$ 1,278,961	$ 662,860	$ 2,962,026	$ 884,229
Costs and expenses:
Cost of revenues	2,368,705	1,669,571	4,498,159	3,144,361
Research and development expenses	841,991	716,279	1,599,249	1,444,355
General and administrative expenses	1,798,026	1,517,664	3,704,661	3,004,888
Sales and marketing expenses	1,746,867	1,291,709	3,025,178	2,596,608
Total costs and expenses	6,755,589	5,195,223	12,827,247	10,190,212
Loss from operations	(5,476,628)	(4,532,363)	(9,865,221)	(9,305,983)
Other income/ (expense):
Interest expense	(214,377)	(99,720)	(296,903)	(238,160)
Other income		38,412	38,412	76,824
Total other income/ (expense):	(214,377)	(61,308)	(258,491)	(161,336)
Loss before income taxes	(5,691,005)	(4,593,671)	(10,123,712)	(9,467,319)
Income tax expense	(2,146)	(503)	(2,146)	(2,053)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$ (5,693,151)	$ (4,594,174)	$ (10,125,858)	$ (9,469,372)
Weighted-average shares outstanding used in computing net loss per share attributable to common shareholders:
Basic	26,778,549	7,702,286	23,889,888	7,134,639
Diluted	26,778,549	7,702,286	23,889,888	7,134,639
Net loss per common share:
Basic	$ (0.21)	$ (0.60)	$ (0.42)	$ (1.33)
Diluted	$ (0.21)	$ (0.60)	$ (0.42)	$ (1.33)

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2016
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net loss	$ (10,125,858)	$ (9,469,372)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	226,015	157,979
Inventory reserve	(28,997)	(37,662)
Stock-based compensation	756,461	699,710
Non-cash interest expense related to credit facility and other financing activities	6,886	32,919
Increase/ (decrease) in cash resulting from changes in:
Accounts receivable, net	(865,777)	(52,453)
Inventory	(53,168)	(109,114)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	219,444	264,071
Accounts payable	665,882	362,648
Accrued liabilities	204,760	(163,377)
Accrued interest	81,960	36,087
Deferred rent	(34,762)	(15,226)
Net cash used in operating activities	(8,947,154)	(8,293,790)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Purchases of fixed assets	(527,431)	(323,923)
Net cash used in investing activities	(527,431)	(323,923)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants	8,559,958	4,657,525
Proceeds from exercise of common stock warrants	7,493,035
Payments on equipment financings	(45,012)	(49,061)
Payments on supplier and other third-party financings	(194,400)	(282,207)
Payments on credit facility	(948,173)	(778,303)
Net cash provided by financing activities	14,865,408	3,547,954
Net increase/ (decrease) in Cash	5,390,823	(5,069,759)
Cash at Beginning of Period	4,609,332	8,821,329
Cash at End of Period	10,000,155	3,751,570
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	225,207	187,319
Income taxes	$ 2,146	$ 2,053

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Statement Of Cash Flows [Abstract]
Exercise price of unregistered warrants	$ 2.50
Unregistered warrants to purchase common stock, period	5 years
Issuance of unregistered warrants to purchase shares of common stock, grant date fair value	$ 2,800,000
Financed insurance premium through third party financing		$ 359,622	$ 434,475
Fixed assets purchased under capital lease obligations		165,516	445,386
Fixed assets with an aggregate net book value			270,377
Equipment financings with remaining outstanding balances			239,994
Purchases of fixed assets		$ 209,107	$ 14,032	$ 58,066	$ 64,300
Issuance of unregistered warrants to purchase shares of common stock	2,160,000
Offering fees and costs recorded within common stock issuance costs as an offset to additional paid in capital	$ 728,000

The Company, Business Activities and Basis of Presentation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

The Company, Business Activities and Basis of Presentation

1. The Company, Business Activities and Basis of Presentation

The Company and Business Activities

The Company was founded in California in May 1997 and is an early stage molecular oncology diagnostics company that develops and commercializes proprietary circulating tumor cell, or CTC, and circulating tumor DNA, or ctDNA, assays utilizing a standard blood sample. The Company’s current and planned assays are intended to provide information to aid healthcare providers to identify specific oncogenic alterations that may qualify a subset of cancer patients for targeted therapy at diagnosis, progression or for monitoring in order to identify specific resistance mechanisms. Often, traditional methodologies such as tissue biopsies are insufficient or unavailable to provide the molecular subtype information necessary for clinical decisions. The Company’s assays have the potential to provide more contemporaneous information on the characteristics of a patient’s disease compared with traditional methodologies such as tissue biopsy and radiographic imaging. Additionally, the Company’s proprietary blood collection tubes, which allow for the intact transport of research use only liquid biopsy samples from regions around the world, are anticipated to be sold to laboratory supply distributor(s) commencing in the six months ending December 31, 2017.

The Company operates a clinical laboratory that is CLIA-certified (under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment of 1988) and CAP-accredited (by the College of American Pathologists), and manufactures cell enrichment and extraction microfluidic channels, related equipment and certain reagents to perform the Company’s diagnostic assays in a facility located in San Diego, California. CLIA certification and accreditation are required before any clinical laboratory may perform testing on human specimens for the purpose of obtaining information for the diagnosis, prevention, treatment of disease, or assessment of health. The assays the Company offers are classified as laboratory developed tests under the CLIA regulations.

In July 2013, the Company effected a reincorporation to Delaware by merging itself with and into Biocept, Inc., a Delaware corporation, which had been formed to be and was a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company since July 23, 2013.

Basis of Presentation

The financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

The unaudited condensed financial statements included in this Form 10-Q have been prepared in accordance with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, instructions for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, the condensed financial statements are unaudited and do not contain all the information required by U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or GAAP, to be included in a full set of financial statements. The balance sheet at December 31, 2016 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for a complete set of financial statements. The audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016, filed with the SEC with our Annual Report on Form 10-K on March 28, 2017 include a summary of our significant accounting policies and should be read in conjunction with this Form 10-Q. In the opinion of management, all material adjustments necessary to present fairly the results of operations for such periods have been included in this Form 10-Q. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for the entire year.

Reverse Stock Split

On September 27, 2016, the Company’s stockholders approved, and the Company filed, an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to effect a one-for-three reverse stock split of the Company’s outstanding common stock, and to increase the authorized number of shares of the Company’s common stock from 40,000,000 to 150,000,000 shares. The one-for-three reverse stock split was effected September 29, 2016. As such, all references to share and per share amounts in the unaudited condensed financial statements and accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed financial statements have been retroactively restated to reflect the one-for-three reverse stock split, except for the authorized number of shares of the Company’s common stock of 150,000,000 shares, which was not affected by the one-for-three reverse stock split.

Revenue Recognition and Related Reserves

The Company's commercial revenues are generated from diagnostic services provided to physicians and billed to third-party insurance payers such as managed care organizations, Medicare and Medicaid and patients for any deductibles, coinsurance or copayments that may be due. The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the provision of ASC 954-605, Health Care Entities—Revenue Recognition, which requires that four basic criteria must be met prior to recognition of revenue: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred and title and the risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the client or services have been rendered; (3) the price is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. Commencing on March 31, 2017, the Company recognizes commercial revenue related to billings for assays delivered and billed to Medicare and other third-party payers on an accrual basis when amounts that will ultimately be realized can be estimated upon delivery, whereby prior to March 31, 2017, the Company recognized revenues for its commercial diagnostic services on a cash basis as collected because the amounts ultimately expected to be received could not be estimated upon delivery due to insufficient collection history experience.

The Company bills third-party payers on a fee-for-service basis at the Company’s list price and third-party commercial revenue is recorded net of contractual discounts, payer-specific allowances and other reserves. The Company’s development services revenues are supported by contractual agreements and generated from assay development services provided to entities, as well as certain other diagnostic services provided to physicians. Diagnostic services are completed upon the delivery of assay results to the prescribing physician, at which time the Company bills for the service.

The Company’s gross commercial revenues billed are subject to estimated deductions for such contractual discounts, payer-specific allowances and other reserves to arrive at reported net revenues, which relate to differences between amounts billed and corresponding amounts estimated to be subsequently collected. These third-party payer discounts and sales allowances are estimated based on a number of assumptions and factors, including historical payment trends, seasonality associated with the annual reset of patient deductible limits on January 1 of each year, and current and estimated future payments. Specifically, the Company maintains four such reserves: the reserve for contractual discounts, the reserve for aged non-patient receivables, the reserve for estimated patient receivables, and the reserve for other payer-specific sales allowances. The reserve for contractual discounts relates to discounts to gross amounts billed to Medicare and contracted third-party payers to arrive at the deemed “allowed expense" amount covered by that payer. The Company’s contracted third-party commercial sales are recorded using an actual or contracted fee schedule at the time of sale, while estimated fee schedules are maintained for each non-contracted payer separately as part of other payer-specific sales allowances. Contractual discounts are recorded at the transaction level at the time of sale based on a fee schedule that is maintained for each contracted third-party payer. The Company periodically adjusts fee schedules for both contracted and non-contracted third-party payers based upon historical payment trends. The reserve for aged non-patient receivables reduces gross amounts billed to non-contracted third-party payers for amounts estimated to be collected according to the age of the outstanding balance. The reserve for estimated patient receivables reduces gross amounts billed to third-party payers for amounts estimated to be collected directly from individual patients, such as copayments, deductibles, or amounts otherwise designated as patient responsibility. The reserve for other payer-specific sales allowances relates to the amounts billed to non-contracted third-party payers that are estimated to not be covered by that specific payer’s coverage policies, as well as estimated necessary adjustments to gross amounts billed based on historical collection experience for a particular third-party payer unrelated to the age of outstanding balances.

The estimates of amounts that will ultimately be realized from commercial diagnostic services require significant judgment by management. Patients do not enter into direct agreements with the Company that commit them to pay any portion of the cost of the tests in the event that they have not met their annual deductible limit under their insurance policy, if any, or if their insurance otherwise declines to reimburse the Company. Adjustments to the estimated payment amounts are recorded at the time of final collection and settlement of each transaction as an adjustment to commercial revenue. The estimation process used to determine third-party payer discounts and sales allowance has been applied on a consistent basis since March 31, 2017, and no subsequent significant adjustments have been necessary to increase or decrease these discounts and allowances as a result of changes in underlying estimates.

The composition of the Company’s gross and net revenues recognized during the three and six-months ended June 30, 2016 and 2017 is as follows:

	For the three months ended June 30,					For the six months ended June 30,
	2016		2017			2016		2017
Commercial revenues recognized upon delivery	$ —		$	3,970,630		$ —		$	8,696,596
Development services revenues recognized upon delivery		66,481		83,553			98,329		144,342
Commercial revenues recognized upon cash collection		596,379		159,457			785,900		1,056,043
Total gross revenues		662,860		4,213,640			884,229		9,896,981
Provisions for contractual discounts		—		(1,489,527	)		—		(2,815,323	)
Provisions for aged non-patient receivables		—		(129,091	)		—		(445,643	)
Provisions for estimated patient receivables		—		(15,500	)		—		(118,840	)
Provisions for other payer-specific sales allowances		—		(1,300,561	)		—		(3,555,149	)
Net revenues	$	662,860	$	1,278,961		$	884,229	$	2,962,026

The amount of nonrecurring net revenue recorded during the three and six-months ended June 30, 2017, had the Company commenced recognizing revenue for commercial diagnostic services upon delivery on or prior to December 31, 2016 instead of on March 31, 2017, was $134,915 and $1,012,242, respectively, and the corresponding decrease in net loss per common share was $0.01 and $0.04, respectively. The incremental net revenue and decrease in loss from operations as a result of recognizing revenue on an accrual basis commencing on March 31, 2017, or the total amount of net revenue recorded in excess of the amount of commercial cash collections, was $191,193 and $916,883 during the three and six-months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, and the corresponding decrease in net loss per common share was $0.01 and $0.04, respectively.

A summary of activity in the Company’s gross and net accounts receivable balances, as well as corresponding reserves, during the six months ended June 30, 2017 is as follows:

	Balance at		Amounts			Settlements			Balance at
	December 31,		Recognized			Upon			June 30,
	2016		Upon Delivery			Adjudication			2017
Accounts receivable, gross	$	128,969	$	8,840,938		$	(2,773,573	)	$	6,196,334
Reserve for contractual discounts		—		(2,815,323	)		956,314			(1,859,009	)
Reserve for aged non-patient receivables		—		(445,643	)		14,270			(431,373	)
Reserve for estimated patient receivables		—		(118,840	)		13,741			(105,099	)
Reserve for other payer-specific sales allowances		—		(3,555,149	)		749,042			(2,806,107	)
Accounts receivable, net	$	128,969	$	1,905,983		$	(1,040,206	)	$	994,746

Concentration of Risk

Concentrations of credit risk with respect to revenues are primarily limited to geographies to which the Company provides a significant volume of its services, and to specific third-party payers of the Company’s services such as Medicare, insurance companies, and other third-party payers. The Company’s client base consists of a large number of geographically dispersed clients diversified across various customer types.

The Company's third-party payers that represent more than 10% of total net revenues in any period presented, and their related net revenue amount as a percentage of total net revenues, during the three and six-months ended June 30, 2016 and 2017 were as follows:

	For the three months ended June 30,						For the six months ended June 30,
	2016			2017			2016			2017
Medicare and Medicare Advantage		47	%		45	%		44	%		39	%
Blue Cross Blue Shield		8	%		15	%		9	%		18	%
United Healthcare		18	%		9	%		18	%		11	%

The Company's third-party payers that represent more than 10% of total net accounts receivable, and their related net accounts receivable balance as a percentage of total net accounts receivable, at June 30, 2017 were as follows:

Medicare and Medicare Advantage	26	%
Blue Cross Blue Shield	24	%
United Healthcare	12	%

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, and as subsequently updated and amended from time to time, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or the FASB, issued authoritative guidance that requires entities to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. This proposed guidance has been deferred and would be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period, and may be applied retrospectively to each prior period presented or retrospectively with the cumulative effect recognized as of the date of adoption. Earlier application is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. As the Company has not yet completed its final review of the impact of the new guidance but expects to during 2017, the Company has not determined whether the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its financial statements or disclosures. The Company is still evaluating disclosure requirements under the new guidance, and will continue to evaluate additional changes, modifications or interpretations to the guidance which may impact the current conclusions. The Company expects to adopt the new standard for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2018 and has not yet determined whether the full or modified retrospective application method will be applied.

In July 2015, the FASB issued authoritative guidance requiring entities that do not measure inventory using the retail inventory method or on a last-in, first-out basis to record inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. This guidance is effective on a prospective basis for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this guidance for the reporting period beginning January 1, 2017. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements or disclosures.

In January 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance requiring, among other things, that certain equity investments be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, that financial assets and financial liabilities be presented separately by measurement category and form of financial asset on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements, that the prior requirement to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet be eliminated, and that a reporting organization is to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the organization has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption of the instrument-specific credit risk amendment is permitted. The Company expects to adopt this guidance for the fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2018, and does not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its financial statements or disclosures because the Company does not currently have any equity method investments.

In February 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance requiring, among other things, that entities recognize the assets and liabilities arising from leases on the balance sheet under revised criteria, while the classification criteria for distinguishing between finance leases and operating leases are substantially similar to the classification criteria in the previous leases guidance. In transition, lessees and lessors are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company anticipates that the adoption of this guidance will materially affect its statement of financial position and will require changes to its processes. The Company has not yet made any decision on the timing of adopting this guidance or the method of adoption with respect to the optional practical expedients, but expects to during 2018.

In March 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance clarifying that a change in the counterparty to a derivative instrument that has been designated as the hedging instrument does not necessarily require de-designation of that hedging relationship, provided that all other applicable hedge accounting criteria continue to be met. This guidance is effective on either a prospective basis or modified retrospective basis for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this guidance for the reporting period beginning January 1, 2017. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements or disclosures.

In March 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance requiring entities to assess whether contingent call (put) options that can accelerate the payment of principal on debt instruments are clearly and closely related to their debt hosts, and clarifies what steps are required when assessing whether the economic characteristics and risks of call (put) options are clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of their debt hosts. This guidance is effective on a modified retrospective basis for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this guidance for the reporting period beginning January 1, 2017. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements or disclosures.

In March 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance simplifying the accounting for stock compensation. This guidance, among other things, amends existing accounting and classification requirements primarily around income taxes, forfeitures, and cash payments associated with share-based payment awards to employees. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this guidance for the reporting period beginning January 1, 2017. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements or disclosures.

In August 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance clarifying the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, on a retrospective transition method to each period presented. Early adoption is permitted. The Company currently intends to adopt this guidance for the fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2018, and does not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its financial statements or disclosures because the Company has not historically engaged in the transactions encompassed by the proposed guidance.

In January 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance clarifying the definition of a business when evaluating transactions involving acquisitions or disposals of assets or businesses. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Certain applications of this guidance are permitted for early adoption. The Company currently intends to adopt this guidance for the fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2018, and does not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its financial statements or disclosures because the Company has not historically acquired or disposed of material assets or businesses.

In January 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance eliminating the “Step 2” requirement for an entity to determine the fair value of its assets and liabilities for goodwill impairment testing in the same manner that would be required for those assumed in a business combination. Instead, the amended guidance allows an entity to perform goodwill impairment testing by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. This guidance is effective for any goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company currently intends to adopt this guidance for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2020, and does not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its financial statements or disclosures because the Company does not currently have any recorded goodwill.

In February 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance clarifying the definition of the term “in substance nonfinancial asset” when accounting for transfers of financial and nonfinancial assets, and other matters concerning the transfer, sale and partial sale of nonfinancial assets to both consolidated entities and non-consolidated counterparties. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted. The Company currently intends to adopt this guidance for the fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2018, and does not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its financial statements or disclosures because the Company has not historically engaged in transfers, sales or partial sales of nonfinancial assets.

In March 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance shortening the amortization period to the earliest call date for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company currently intends to adopt this guidance for the fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2019, and does not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its financial statements or disclosures because the Company does not currently hold any callable debt securities.

In May 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance clarifying what modifications to a share-based payment award may be considered substantive, and therefore requiring the application of modification accounting. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company currently intends to adopt this guidance for the fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2018, and does not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its financial statements or disclosures because the Company does not currently expect any significant modifications to outstanding share-based payment awards.

In July 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance changing the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments (or embedded features) with down round features, whereby a down round feature no longer precludes equity classification when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to an entity’s own stock, and also clarifying existing disclosure requirements for equity-classified instruments. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company currently intends to adopt this guidance for the fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2020, and does not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its financial statements or disclosures because the Company does not currently hold any significant financial instruments with down round features.

Liquidity and Going Concern Uncertainty	6 Months Ended
Liquidity and Going Concern Uncertainty	Jun. 30, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Liquidity and Going Concern Uncertainty	2. Liquidity and Going Concern Uncertainty As of June 30, 2017, cash totaled $10.0 million and the Company had an accumulated deficit of $183.8 million. For the year and six-month periods ended December 31, 2016 and June 30, 2017, the Company incurred net losses of $18.4 million and $10.1 million, respectively. At June 30, 2017, the Company had aggregate net interest-bearing indebtedness of $3.8 million, of which $2.6 million was due within one year in the absence of subjective acceleration of amounts due under a credit facility entered into in April 2014 with Oxford Finance LLC, or the April 2014 Credit Facility, in addition to $3.2 million of other non-interest bearing current liabilities. Additionally, in February 2016, the Company signed a firm, non-cancelable, and unconditional commitment in an aggregate amount of $1,062,500 with a vendor to purchase certain inventory items, payable in minimum quarterly installments of $62,500 through May 2020, under which $628,760 remained outstanding at June 30, 2017 (see Note 11). These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for the one-year period following the date that these unaudited condensed financial statements were issued. The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The unaudited condensed financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the possible inability of the Company to continue as a going concern. While the Company is currently in the commercialization stage of operations, the Company has not yet achieved profitability and anticipates that it will continue to incur net losses for the foreseeable future. Historically, the Company’s principal sources of cash have included proceeds from the issuance of common and preferred stock, proceeds from the exercise of warrants to purchase common stock, proceeds from the issuance of debt, and revenues from laboratory services. The Company’s principal uses of cash have included cash used in operations, payments relating to purchases of property and equipment and repayments of borrowings. The Company expects that the principal uses of cash in the future will be for continuing operations, hiring of sales and marketing personnel and increased sales and marketing activities, funding of research and development, capital expenditures, and general working capital requirements. The Company expects that, as revenues grow, sales and marketing and research and development expenses will continue to grow, albeit at a slower rate and, as a result, the Company will need to generate significant growth in net revenues to achieve and sustain income from operations. In May 2015, the SEC declared effective a shelf registration statement filed by the Company. The shelf registration statement allows the Company to issue any combination of its common stock, preferred stock, debt securities and warrants from time to time for an aggregate initial offering price of up to $50 million, subject to certain limitations for so long as the Company’s public float is less than $75 million. A public offering of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase its common stock closed on May 4, 2016, pursuant to which the Company received net cash proceeds of approximately $4.3 million (see Note 3). Subsequent to the closing of this offering on May 4, 2016, no warrants sold in this offering have been exercised, with approximately $4.5 million in gross warrant proceeds remaining outstanding and available to be exercised at $3.90 per share until their expiration in May 2021. A second offering of the Company’s common stock was effected under this shelf registration statement on March 28, 2017, the closing of which occurred on March 31, 2017, pursuant to which the Company received net cash proceeds of approximately $8.6 million (see Note 3). In a concurrent private placement, the Company sold unregistered warrants to purchase up to 2,160,000 shares of the Company’s common stock that closed concurrently with the March 31, 2017 offering of common stock sold pursuant to this shelf registration statement. Subsequent to the closing of the sales of these unregistered warrants, no warrants sold have been exercised, with $5.4 million in gross warrant proceeds remaining outstanding and available to be exercised at $2.50 per share commencing on the six month anniversary of the closing of the offering, or September 30, 2017, until their expiration in March 2022. The specific terms of additional future offerings, if any, under this shelf registration statement would be established at the time of such offerings. A public offering of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase its common stock was effected under an underwriting agreement dated October 14, 2016 between the Company, Roth Capital Partners, LLC and Feltl and Company, Inc., as underwriters named therein, the closing of which occurred on October 19, 2016, pursuant to which the Company received net cash proceeds of approximately $9.0 million (see Note 3). Subsequent to the closing of this offering, cash proceeds of approximately $7.5 million have been received from the exercise of warrants sold in this offering, while approximately $3.2 million in gross warrant proceeds remain outstanding and available to be exercised at $1.10 per share until their expiration in October 2021. Pursuant to a common stock and warrant purchase agreement dated August 9, 2017 between the Company and Ally Bridge, the Company received net cash proceeds of approximately $2.0 million as a result of the sale of its common stock and warrants. Subsequent to August 9, 2017, no additional cash proceeds had been received from the exercise of warrants sold in this offering, with approximately $2.2 million in gross warrant proceeds remaining outstanding and available to be exercised at $1.50 per share until their expiration in August 2022. Management’s Plan to Continue as a Going Concern In order to continue as a going concern, the Company will need, among other things, additional capital resources. Until the Company can generate significant cash from operations, including assay revenues, management’s plans to obtain such resources for the Company include proceeds from offerings of the Company’s equity securities or debt, or transactions involving product development, technology licensing or collaboration. Management can provide no assurances that any sources of a sufficient amount of financing will be available to the Company on favorable terms, if at all.

Sales of Equity Securities	6 Months Ended
Sales of Equity Securities	Jun. 30, 2017
Equity [Abstract]
Sales of Equity Securities	3. Sales of Equity Securities On December 21, 2015, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement with Aspire Capital Fund, LLC, or Aspire Capital, which committed to purchase up to an aggregate of $15.0 million of shares of the Company’s common stock over the 30-month term of the common stock purchase agreement. On November 4, 2016, the Company voluntarily terminated this common stock purchase agreement. Upon execution of the common stock purchase agreement, the Company sold to Aspire Capital 208,334 shares of common stock at $4.80 per share for proceeds of $1,000,000, and concurrently also entered into a registration rights agreement with Aspire Capital, pursuant to which the Company filed a registration statement registering the sale of the shares of the Company’s common stock that were issued to Aspire Capital under the common stock purchase agreement. In consideration for entering into, and concurrently with the execution of, the common stock purchase agreement, the Company issued to Aspire Capital 55,000 shares of its common stock. The proceeds received by the Company under the common stock purchase agreement were used for working capital and general corporate purposes. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company submitted purchase notices to Aspire Capital for an aggregate of 173,145 shares of common stock for gross proceeds of $544,051. Costs associated with this offering of approximately $42,000 and $79,000 during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively, were also recorded to common stock issuance costs under applicable accounting guidance, and as such, the total net increase in capital related to these transactions was approximately $1.4 million. In May 2015, the SEC declared effective a shelf registration statement filed by the Company. The shelf registration statement allows the Company to issue any combination of its common stock, preferred stock, debt securities and warrants from time to time for an aggregate initial offering price of up to $50 million, subject to certain limitations for so long as the Company’s public float is less than $75 million. Pursuant to an exclusive placement agent agreement dated April 25, 2016 between the Company and H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC, and a securities purchase agreement dated April 29, 2016 between the Company and the purchasers signatory thereto, a public offering of 1,662,191 shares of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,163,526 shares of common stock was effected under this registration statement at a combined offering price of $3.00. All warrants sold in this offering have a per share exercise price of $3.90, are exercisable immediately and expire five years from the date of issuance. The estimated grant date fair value of these warrants of approximately $2.0 million was recorded as an offset to additional paid-in capital upon the closing of this offering. The closing of the sale of these securities to the purchasers occurred on May 4, 2016, pursuant to which the Company received, after deducting $0.7 million of costs directly associated with the offering that were recorded as an offset to additional paid-in capital under applicable accounting guidance, approximately $4.3 million of net cash proceeds. Subsequent to the closing of this offering on May 4, 2016, no warrants sold in this offering have been exercised, with approximately $4.5 million in gross warrant proceeds remaining outstanding and available to be exercised at $3.90 per share until their expiration in May 2021. Pursuant to an exclusive placement agent agreement dated March 28, 2017 between the Company and Roth Capital Partners, LLC as lead placement agent, and WestPark Capital and Chardan Capital as co-placement agents, a securities purchase agreement for a second offering of 4,320,000 shares of the Company’s common stock was effected under this registration statement at per share price of $2.15, which closed on March 31, 2017. In a concurrent private placement, the Company sold unregistered warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 2,160,000 shares of the Company’s common stock that closed concurrently with the March 2017 offering of common stock sold pursuant the shelf registration statement. All warrants sold in this offering have a per share exercise price of $2.50, are exercisable beginning on the six-month anniversary of the date of issuance, and expire five years from the date first exercisable. The estimated grant date fair value of these warrants of approximately $2.8 million was recorded as an offset to additional paid-in capital upon the closing of this offering (see Note 4). At the closing of these sales on March 31, 2017, the Company received, after deducting $0.7 million of costs directly associated with the offering that were recorded as an offset to additional paid-in capital under applicable accounting guidance, approximately $8.6 million of net cash proceeds. In connection with the closing of the offering, the Company has agreed to certain contractual terms that limit its ability to issue variable rate securities for a period of one year following the closing of the offering, with certain exceptions. The specific terms of additional future offerings, if any, under this shelf registration statement would be established at the time of such offerings. Pursuant to an underwriting agreement dated October 14, 2016 between the Company, Roth Capital Partners, LLC and Feltl and Company, Inc., as underwriters named therein, a public offering of 9,100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 9,100,000 shares of common stock was effected at a combined offering price of $1.10. The estimated grant date fair value of these warrants of approximately $5.2 million was recorded as an offset to additional paid-in capital upon the closing of this offering. Additionally, the underwriters were granted a 30-day option to purchase up to 1,365,000 additional shares of common stock at a price of $1.0331 per share, net of the underwriting discount, and/or additional warrants to purchase up to 1,365,000 shares of common stock at a price of $0.0009 per warrant to cover overallotments, if any, of which the underwriters exercised their overallotment option to purchase 627,131 option warrants for total proceeds to the Company of $564. The estimated aggregate grant date fair value of the overallotment options and warrants of approximately $0.8 million was recorded as an offset to additional paid-in capital upon the closing of this offering. All warrants sold in this offering have a per share exercise price of $1.10, are exercisable immediately and expire five years from the date of issuance. The closing of the sale of these securities to the underwriters occurred on October 19, 2016, when the Company received, after deducting $1.0 million of costs directly associated with the offering that were recorded as an offset to additional paid-in capital under applicable accounting guidance, $9.0 million of net cash proceeds. Subsequent to the closing of this offering, approximately $7.5 million of additional cash proceeds had been received from the exercise of warrants sold in this offering. As such, the total net increase in capital as a result of the sale of these shares and warrants has been $16.5 million. Pursuant to a common stock and warrant purchase agreement dated August 9, 2017 between the Company and Ally Bridge, an offering of 1,466,667 shares of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,434,639 shares of common stock was effected at a combined offering price of $1.50 per unit for total gross proceeds to the Company of $2.2 million (see Note 13).

Fair Value Measurement

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurement

4. Fair Value Measurement

The estimated fair value of the April 2014 Credit Facility at June 30, 2017 approximated carrying value, which was determined using a discounted cash flow analysis. The analysis considered interest rates of instruments with similar maturity dates, which involved the use of significant unobservable Level 3 inputs.

Other Fair Value Measurements

As of the closing of the Company’s March 31, 2017 offering, the estimated grant date fair value of $1.31 per share associated with the warrants to purchase 2,160,000 shares of common stock issued in this offering, or a total of approximately $2.8 million, was recorded as an offset to additional paid-in capital, and was estimated using a Black-Scholes valuation model with the following assumptions:

Stock price	$	2.13
Exercise price	$	2.50
Expected dividend yield		0.00	%
Discount rate-bond equivalent yield		1.93	%
Expected life (in years)		5.00
Expected volatility		80.0	%

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Balance Sheet Details

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Balance Sheet Details

5. Balance Sheet Details

The following provides certain balance sheet details:

	December 31,			June 30,
	2016			2017
Fixed Assets
Machinery and equipment	$	2,728,468		$	3,012,178
Furniture and office equipment		143,726			147,976
Computer equipment and software		620,582			925,206
Leasehold improvements		517,968			523,665
Financed equipment		1,559,690			1,725,205
Construction in process		169,896			236,474
Total fixed assets, gross		5,740,330			6,570,704
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		(3,933,999	)		(4,168,449	)
Total fixed assets, net	$	1,806,331		$	2,402,255
Accrued Liabilities
Accrued interest	$	20,776		$	14,495
Accrued payroll		168,727			199,024
Accrued vacation		364,953			498,676
Accrued bonuses		422,868			448,380
Accrued sales commissions		77,844			67,354
Current portion of deferred rent		67,085			96,356
Accrued other		37,783			63,482
Total accrued liabilities	$	1,160,036		$	1,387,767

April 2014 Credit Facility	6 Months Ended
April 2014 Credit Facility	Jun. 30, 2017
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
April 2014 Credit Facility	6. April 2014 Credit Facility On April 30, 2014, the Company received net cash proceeds of approximately $4,898,000 pursuant to the execution of the April 2014 Credit Facility with Oxford Finance LLC. Upon the entry into the April 2014 Credit Facility, the Company was required to pay the lender a facility fee of $50,000 in conjunction with the funding of the term loan. The April 2014 Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s personal property other than its intellectual property. Amounts due to Oxford Finance LLC under the April 2014 Credit Facility are callable before maturity by the lender under certain subjective acceleration clauses of the underlying agreement, including changes deemed to be materially adverse by the lender. The term loan under the April 2014 Credit Facility bears interest at an annual rate equal to the greater of (i) 7.95% or (ii) the sum of (a) the three-month U.S. LIBOR rate reported in the Wall Street Journal three business days prior to the funding date of the term loan, plus (b) 7.71%. The term loan bears interest at an annual rate of 7.95%. The Company was required to make interest-only payments on the term loan through August 1, 2015. The outstanding term loan under the April 2014 Credit Facility began amortizing at the end of the applicable interest-only period, with monthly payments of principal and interest being made by the Company to the lender in consecutive monthly installments following such interest-only period. The term loan under the April 2014 Credit Facility matures on July 1, 2018. Under the original terms of the underlying agreement, the Company is also required to make a final payment to the lender equal to 5.5% of the original principal amount of the term loan funded. At its option, the Company may prepay the outstanding principal balance of the term loan in whole but not in part, subject to a prepayment fee of 1% of any amount prepaid. On June 30, 2016, the Company entered into an amendment of the April 2014 Credit Facility. This amendment required the Company to make interest-only payments on the term loan from July 1, 2016 through September 30, 2016, and also requires an additional final payment of $50,000 to the lender. The terms of the amendment require the amortization of the outstanding amount due under the term loan to commence at the end of the applicable interest-only period, with monthly payments of principal and interest, in arrears, being made by the Company to the lender in consecutive monthly installments following such interest-only period. Additionally, pursuant to the amendment the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Company’s permitted indebtedness, consisting of capitalized lease obligations and purchase money indebtedness outstanding at any time, was increased to $1.2 million. The June 30, 2016 amendment of the April 2014 Credit Facility was accounted for as a modification of debt under applicable accounting guidance. On June 28, 2017, the Company entered into an amendment of the April 2014 Credit Facility whereby the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Company’s permitted indebtedness was increased to $3.0 million. The April 2014 Credit Facility includes affirmative and negative covenants applicable to the Company and any subsidiaries created in the future. The affirmative covenants include, among others, covenants requiring the Company to maintain its legal existence and governmental approvals, deliver certain financial reports and maintain insurance coverage. The negative covenants include, among others, restrictions on transferring collateral, incurring additional indebtedness, engaging in mergers or acquisitions, paying dividends or making other distributions, making investments, creating liens, selling assets, and suffering a change in control, in each case subject to certain exceptions. The April 2014 Credit Facility also includes events of default, the occurrence and continuation of which provide Oxford Finance LLC, as collateral agent, with the right to exercise remedies against the Company and the collateral securing the term loan under the April 2014 Credit Facility, including foreclosure against the Company’s properties securing the April 2014 Credit Facility, including its cash. These events of default include, among other things, the Company’s failure to pay any amounts due under the April 2014 Credit Facility, a breach of covenants under the April 2014 Credit Facility, insolvency, a material adverse change, the occurrence of any default under certain other indebtedness in an amount greater than $250,000, and a final judgment against the Company in an amount greater than $250,000. A warrant to purchase up to 17,655 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $14.16 per share with a term of 10 years was issued to Oxford Finance LLC on April 30, 2014. Issuance costs of $102,498 associated with the term loan under the April 2014 Credit Facility were recorded as a discount to outstanding debt as of the closing date, resulting in net proceeds of $4,897,502. The estimated fair value of the warrant issued of $233,107 was also recorded as a discount to outstanding debt as of the closing date. The discounts and other issuance costs are amortized to interest expense utilizing the effective interest method over the underlying term of the loan, with total unamortized discounts of $78,408 and $71,503 remaining at December 31, 2016 and June 30, 2017, respectively. The effective annual interest rate associated with the April 2014 Credit Facility was 13.87% at both December 31, 2016 and June 30, 2017. As of June 30, 2017, total remaining principal payments of $986,492 and $1,201,409 were due under the April 2014 Credit Facility during the fiscal years ending December 31, 2017 and 2018, respectively.

Equipment Financings

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Capital Lease Obligations [Abstract]

Equipment Financings

7. Equipment Financings

The Company leases certain laboratory equipment under arrangements accounted for as capital leases and classified as equipment financings. The financed equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over periods ranging from 5 to 7 years. The total gross value of fixed assets capitalized under such financing arrangements was $1,559,690 and $1,725,205 at December 31, 2016 and June 30, 2017, respectively. Total accumulated depreciation related to financed equipment was approximately $525,000 and $629,000 at December 31, 2016 and June 30, 2017, respectively. Total depreciation expense related to financed equipment was approximately $27,000 and $52,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2017, respectively. Total depreciation expense related to financed equipment was approximately $53,000 and $108,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2017, respectively. Fixed assets purchased totaling $165,516 during the six months ended June 30, 2017 were recorded as equipment financings. The aggregate weighted average effective annual interest rate related to the equipment financings was 13.18% and 13.78% at December 31, 2016 and June 30, 2017, respectively, and the maturity dates on such outstanding arrangements range from July 2017 to May 2023.

The following schedule sets forth the remaining future minimum lease payments outstanding under financed equipment arrangements, as well as corresponding remaining sales tax and maintenance obligation payments that are expensed as incurred, due within each respective fiscal year ending December 31, as well as the present value of the total amount of remaining minimum lease payments, as of June 30, 2017:

				Maintenance
	Minimum			and Sales Tax
	Lease			Obligation
	Payments			Payments
2017	$	236,430		$	15,957
2018		301,490			57,294
2019		261,284			64,994
2020		223,105			47,664
2021		217,319			43,055
Thereafter		367,769			66,987
Total payments		1,607,397			295,951
Less amount representing interest		(450,300	)		—
Present value of payments	$	1,157,097		$	295,951

At June 30, 2017, the present value of minimum lease payments due within one year was $362,777.

Stock-Based Compensation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

8. Stock-Based Compensation

Equity Incentive Plans

The Company maintains two equity incentive plans: the Amended and Restated 2013 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2013 Plan, and the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2007 Plan. The 2013 Plan includes a provision that shares available for grant under the Company’s 2007 Plan become available for issuance under the 2013 Plan and are no longer available for issuance under the 2007 Plan. On July 25, 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors approved an amendment to the 2013 Plan to reserve 333,333 shares of the Company’s common stock exclusively for the grant of stock awards to employees who have not previously been an employee or director of the Company, except following a bona fide period of non-employment, as an inducement material to the individual’s entering into employment with the Company, as defined under applicable Nasdaq Listing Rules. At the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders held on May 2, 2017, the Company’s stockholders approved amendments to the 2013 Plan, which included an increase in the number of non-inducement shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the 2013 Plan by 2,500,000. As of June 30, 2017, under all plans, a total of 3,522,955 non-inducement shares were authorized for issuance, 2,674,028 non-inducement stock options and restricted stock units, or RSUs, had been issued and were outstanding, and 741,614 non-inducement shares were available for grant. As of June 30, 2017, a total of 333,333 inducement shares were authorized for issuance, 158,049 inducement stock options and RSUs had been issued and were outstanding, and 175,284 inducement shares were available for grant under the 2013 Plan.

Stock Options

A summary of stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2017 is as follows:

						Weighted
						Average
				Weighted		Remaining
	Number of			Average Exercise		Contractual
	Shares			Price Per Share		Term in Years
Outstanding at December 31, 2016		896,662		$	8.80		8.5
Granted		1,579,399		$	1.52
Exercised		—			—
Cancelled/forfeited/expired		(94,902	)	$	5.75
Outstanding at June 30, 2017		2,381,159		$	4.06		9.1
Vested and unvested expected to vest, June 30, 2017		2,187,470		$	4.28		9.1

The intrinsic values of options outstanding at December 31, 2016 and June 30, 2017 were zero and $7,623, respectively, and the intrinsic value of options vested and unvested expected to vest at June 30, 2017 was $6,721. The total weighted-average grant date fair value of the 173,157 stock options that vested during the six months ended June 30, 2017 was $6.09.

The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes pricing model for stock options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2017 were as follows:

Stock and exercise prices	$1.37 – $2.13
Expected dividend yield		0.00	%
Discount rate-bond equivalent yield	1.79% – 2.08%
Expected life (in years)	5.12 – 6.09
Expected volatility	80.0% - 90.0%

Using the assumptions described above, with stock and exercise prices being equal on date of grant, the weighted-average estimated fair value of options granted in the six months ended June 30, 2017 was $1.04 per share.

On August 31, 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the issuance of 33,333 performance stock options with an estimated grant date fair value of $4.40 per share and an exercise price of $6.03 per share to its Chief Executive Officer, or CEO, pursuant to the 2013 Plan. On February 29, 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the issuance of 33,333 performance stock options with an estimated grant date fair value of $2.87 per share and an exercise price of $4.02 per share to its CEO pursuant to the 2013 Plan. Vesting of these stock options was based on the Company’s achievement of specified objectives by December 31, 2016 as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors or the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. During the six months ended June 30, 2017, 6,333 of the performance stock options granted on August 31, 2015 and 10,000 of the performance stock options granted on February 29, 2016 were declared vested by the Company’s Board of Directors, and the remaining 50,333 shares underlying these awards were forfeited.

On July 25, 2016, the Company entered into an employment agreement with its new Chief Financial Officer, Senior Vice President of Operations and Secretary, or CFO. Pursuant to the terms of this employment agreement, on July 29, 2016 the CFO was granted inducement stock option awards with an exercise price of $1.95 per share to purchase up to (i) 66,666 shares of the Company’s common stock with an estimated grant date fair value of $1.45 per share, 25% of which vested on the one-year anniversary of the commencement of the CFO’s employment with the Company, and remainder of which vest in equal monthly installments over the following three years, and (ii) 33,333 shares of the Company’s common stock with an estimated grant date fair value of $1.26 per share, which vested upon the Company’s achievement of specified corporate goals for 2016 and the consummation of a specified financing transaction. During the six months ended June 30, 2017, 16,383 shares of the performance option award granted on July 29, 2016 were declared vested by the Company’s Board of Directors, and the remaining 16,950 shares underlying this award were forfeited.

On May 2, 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the issuance of an aggregate of 550,000 performance stock options to be granted on May 31, 2017 to certain of the Company’s employees and all of its executive officers pursuant to the 2013 Plan, of which 200,000 performance stock options were granted to the Company’s CEO, 100,000 performance stock options were granted to its CFO, and 75,000 performance stock options were granted to each of its Chief Scientific Officer, Senior Vice President and Senior Medical Director, Senior Vice President. Each performance stock option granted on May 31, 2017 has an exercise price of $1.50 per share, an estimated grant date fair value of $0.99 per share, and is subject to vesting as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors based on the achievement of specified corporate goals for 2017, provided that none shall vest unless a minimum level of 70% of the Company’s corporate goals for 2017 are achieved, as follows:


	Percentage of
	Overall Performance Stock
	Option Grant Subject to
	Vesting
Target
Minimum revenue	20%
Cost of revenue reductions and improvements	15%
Increase cash generated from operations	15%
Minimum cash on-hand at December 31, 2017	15%
Minimum customer agreements, product licensing and product launch	20%
Implementation of new products and utility trials	15%
Total	100%

Restricted Stock

A summary of RSU activity for the six months ended June 30, 2017 is as follows:

				Weighted
	Number of			Average Grant
	Shares			Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2016		174,249		$	2.68
Granted		350,000		$	1.50
Vested and issued		(65,831	)	$	2.09
Forfeited		(7,500	)	$	2.10
Outstanding at June 30, 2017		450,918		$	1.87
Vested and unvested expected to vest, June 30, 2017		408,481		$	1.91

At June 30, 2017, the intrinsic values of RSUs outstanding and RSUs unvested and expected to vest were $617,758 and $559,619, respectively. Of the 450,918 RSUs outstanding at June 30, 2017, 10,920 are fully vested. On July 6, 2016, the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors approved retention RSUs for an aggregate of 58,332 shares of common stock to three of the Company’s executive officers pursuant to the 2013 Plan, including retention RSUs for 25,000 shares of common stock to its CEO. Each of these retention RSUs had a grant date fair value of $1.86 per share for a grant date fair value of $108,498 to all three officers, in aggregate. These retention RSUs vested fully on the one-year anniversary of the date of grant, and were subject to continuing service by the holders of such RSUs. Pursuant to the terms of the Company’s employment agreement with its CFO dated July 25, 2016, the CFO was granted an inducement RSU award on July 29, 2016 covering 25,000 shares of the Company’s common stock with a grant date fair value of $1.95 per share, 100% of which vested on the one-year anniversary of the commencement of the CFO’s employment with the Company.

On May 2, 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the issuance of an aggregate of 175,000 time-based RSUs and 175,000 performance RSUs to be granted on May 31, 2017 to certain of the Company’s employees and all of its executive officers pursuant to the 2013 Plan, of which 50,000 time-based RSUs and 25,000 performance RSUs were granted to its CEO, and 25,000 time-based RSUs and 25,000 performance RSUs were granted to each other executive officer. Each RSU granted on May 31, 2017 has a grant date fair value of $1.50 per share. Vesting of the time-based RSUs granted on May 31, 2017 is subject to continuing service and occurs on the one year anniversary of the vesting commencement date, or May 2, 2018, while the performance RSUs are subject to continuous service and vesting is as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors based on the achievement of specified corporate goals for 2017, provided that none shall vest unless a minimum level of 70% of the Company’s corporate goals for 2017 are achieved, as follows:


	Percentage of
	Overall Performance RSU
	Grant Subject to
	Vesting
Target
Minimum revenue	20%
Cost of revenue reductions and improvements	15%
Increase cash generated from operations	15%
Minimum cash on-hand at December 31, 2017	15%
Minimum customer agreements, product licensing and product launch	20%
Implementation of new products and utility trials	15%
Total	100%

Stock-based Compensation Expense

The following table presents the effects of stock-based compensation related to equity awards to employees and nonemployees on the unaudited condensed statements of operations and comprehensive loss during the periods presented:

	For the three months ended				For the six months ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2016		2017		2016		2017
Stock Options
Cost of revenues	$	29,412	$	41,615	$	55,487	$	73,385
Research and development expenses		25,961		39,172		58,964		68,428
General and administrative expenses		264,566		157,683		537,135		349,736
Sales and marketing expenses		1,897		19,606		39,240		60,146
Total expenses related to stock options		321,836		258,076		690,826		551,695
RSUs
Cost of revenues		1,916		23,133		1,916		38,300
Research and development expenses		1,452		22,714		1,452		37,072
General and administrative expenses		1,008		56,473		1,008		86,406
Sales and marketing expenses		4,508		22,843		4,508		42,988
Total stock-based compensation	$	330,720	$	383,239	$	699,710	$	756,461

Stock-based compensation expense was recorded net of estimated forfeitures of 0% - 8% per annum during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2017. As of June 30, 2017, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options and RSUs, adjusted for estimated forfeitures, was approximately $2,694,000 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.2 years.

Common Stock Warrants Outstanding

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]

Common Stock Warrants Outstanding

9. Common Stock Warrants Outstanding

A summary of equity-classified common stock warrant activity for the six months ended June 30, 2017 is as follows:

						Average
				Weighted		Remaining
	Number of			Average Exercise		Contractual
	Shares			Price Per Share		Term in Years
Outstanding at December 31, 2016		11,623,987		$	1.93		4.6
Issued		2,160,000		$	2.50
Exercised		(6,811,850	)	$	1.10
Expired		—			—
Outstanding at June 30, 2017		6,972,137		$	2.92		4.3

All warrants outstanding at June 30, 2017 are exercisable, except for the 2,160,000 warrants issued on March 31, 2017, which first become exercisable for a five-year period beginning on September 30, 2017, or the six-month anniversary of the closing of the associated offering. The intrinsic value of equity-classified common stock warrants outstanding at June 30, 2017 was $787,126.

Net Loss per Common Share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Loss per Common Share

10. Net Loss per Common Share

Basic and diluted net loss per common share is determined by dividing net loss applicable to common shareholders by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period. Because there is a net loss attributable to common shareholders for the three and-six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2017, the outstanding RSUs, warrants, and common stock options have been excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per common share because their effect would be anti-dilutive. Therefore, the weighted-average shares used to calculate both basic and diluted loss per share are the same.

On September 29, 2016, the Company effected a one-for-three reverse stock split of all common shares outstanding. The calculation of weighted-average shares outstanding has been adjusted for this reverse stock split as if it had occurred on December 31, 2015.

The following potentially dilutive securities have been excluded from the computations of diluted weighted-average shares outstanding for the periods presented, as they would be anti-dilutive:

	For the three and six-months ended
	June 30,
	2016		2017
Preferred warrants outstanding (number of common stock equivalents)		529		529
Common warrants outstanding		1,896,856		6,972,137
RSUs outstanding		86,756		450,918
Common options outstanding		731,400		2,381,159
Total anti-dilutive common share equivalents		2,715,541		9,804,743

Commitments and Contingencies	6 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Jun. 30, 2017
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	11. Commitments and Contingencies In the normal course of business, the Company may be involved in legal proceedings or threatened legal proceedings. The Company is not party to any legal proceedings or aware of any threatened legal proceedings that are expected to have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. In February 2016, the Company signed a firm, non-cancelable, and unconditional commitment in an aggregate amount of $1,062,500 with a vendor to purchase certain inventory items, payable in quarterly installments of $62,500 through May 2020. At June 30, 2017, a total of $628,760 remained outstanding under this purchase commitment.

Related Party Transactions	6 Months Ended
Related Party Transactions	Jun. 30, 2017
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related Party Transactions	12. Related Party Transactions A member of the Company’s management is the controlling person of Aegea Biotechnologies, Inc., or Aegea. On September 2, 2012, the Company entered into an Assignment and Exclusive Cross-License Agreement, or the Cross-License Agreement, with Aegea. The Company received payments totaling $19,047 and $15,325 during the year ended December 31, 2016 and the six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, from Aegea as reimbursements for shared patent costs under the Cross-License Agreement. Pursuant to a sublease agreement dated March 30, 2015, the Company subleased 9,849 square feet, plus free use of an additional area, of its San Diego facility to an entity affiliated with the Company’s non-executive Chairman for $12,804 per month, with a refundable security deposit of $12,804 due from the subtenant. The initial term of the sublease expired on July 31, 2015, and was subject to renewal on a month-to-month basis thereafter. On February 1, 2017, the Company received notice from the subtenant terminating the sublease effective March 31, 2017. A total of $76,824 and $38,412 in rental income was recorded to other income/(expense) in the Company’s unaudited condensed statements of operations and comprehensive loss during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2017, respectively. Three members of the Company’s Board of Directors participated in its public offering in May 2016, purchasing an aggregate of 58,335 shares of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 40,832 shares of its common stock for total gross proceeds to the Company of $175,000. Additionally, a trust affiliated with Claire K.T. Reiss, who at the time was the beneficial owner of more than 10% of the Company’s outstanding common stock, participated in the Company’s public offering in May 2016, purchasing 204,758 shares of its common stock and warrants to purchase up to 143,330 shares of its common stock for total gross proceeds to the Company of $614,273. Seven members of the Company’s Board of Directors, including its CEO, and all three of the Company’s other executive officers participated in the Company’s public offering in October 2016, purchasing an aggregate of 534,088 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 534,088 shares of common stock for total gross proceeds to the Company of $587,497. Additionally, a trust affiliated with Claire K.T. Reiss, who at the time was the beneficial owner of more than 10% of the Company’s outstanding common stock, participated in the Company’s public offering in October 2016, purchasing 227,272 shares of its common stock and warrants to purchase up 227,272 shares of its common stock for total gross proceeds to the Company of $249,999. Further, several of the Company’s employees and one of its consultants participated in the Company’s public offering in October 2016, purchasing an aggregate of 79,090 shares of its common stock and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 79,090 shares of its common stock for total aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of $86,999.

Subsequent Events

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

13. Subsequent Events

Pursuant to a common stock and warrant purchase agreement dated August 9, 2017 between the Company and Ally Bridge, an offering of 1,466,667 shares of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,434,639 shares of common stock was effected at a combined offering price of $1.50 per unit for total gross proceeds to the Company of $2.2 million. All warrants sold in this offering have a per share exercise price of $1.50, are exercisable immediately and expire five years from the date of issuance. The estimated grant date fair value of these warrants of approximately $1.03 per share, or a total of approximately $1.5 million, was recorded as an offset to additional paid-in capital upon the closing of this offering, and was estimated using Black-Scholes valuation models with the following assumptions:

Stock price	$	1.39
Exercise price	$	1.50
Expected dividend yield		0.00	%
Discount rate-bond equivalent yield		1.81	%
Expected life (in years)